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' ***********************************************************************
' Author   : Elektro
' Modified : 17-March-2015
' ***********************************************************************
' <copyright file="HotkeyManager.vb" company="Elektro Studios">
'     Copyright (c) Elektro Studios. All rights reserved.
' </copyright>
' ***********************************************************************

#Region " Option Statements "

Option Explicit On
Option Strict On
Option Infer Off

#End Region

#Region " Imports "

Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices

#End Region

#Region " Global Hotkey "

''' <summary>
''' Manages a system-wide hotkey.
''' </summary>
Public NotInheritable Class HotkeyManager : Inherits NativeWindow : Implements IDisposable

#Region " P/Invoke "

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Platform Invocation methods (P/Invoke), access unmanaged code.
    ''' This class does not suppress stack walks for unmanaged code permission.
    ''' <see cref="System.Security.SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurityAttribute"/>  must not be applied to this class.
    ''' This class is for methods that can be used anywhere because a stack walk will be performed.
    ''' MSDN Documentation: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms182161.aspx
    ''' </summary>
    Private NotInheritable Class NativeMethods

        ''' <summary>
        ''' Defines a system-wide hotkey.
        ''' </summary>
        ''' <param name="hWnd">The hWND.</param>
        ''' <param name="id">The identifier of the hotkey.
        ''' If the hWnd parameter is NULL, then the hotkey is associated with the current thread rather than with a particular window.
        ''' If a hotkey already exists with the same hWnd and id parameters.</param>
        ''' <param name="fsModifiers">The keys that must be pressed in combination with the key specified by the uVirtKey parameter
        ''' in order to generate the WM_HOTKEY message.
        ''' The fsModifiers parameter can be a combination of the following values.</param>
        ''' <param name="vk">The virtual-key code of the hotkey.</param>
        ''' <returns>
        ''' <c>true</c> if the function succeeds, otherwise <c>false</c>
        ''' </returns>
        <DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError:=True)>
        Public Shared Function RegisterHotKey(
                      ByVal hWnd As IntPtr,
                      ByVal id As Integer,
                      ByVal fsModifiers As UInteger,
                      ByVal vk As UInteger
        ) As <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> Boolean
        End Function

        ''' <summary>
        ''' Unregisters a hotkey previously registered.
        ''' </summary>
        ''' <param name="hWnd">The hWND.</param>
        ''' <param name="id">The identifier of the hotkey to be unregistered.</param>
        ''' <returns>
        ''' <c>true</c> if the function succeeds, otherwise <c>false</c>
        ''' </returns>
        <DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError:=True)>
        Public Shared Function UnregisterHotKey(
                      ByVal hWnd As IntPtr,
                      ByVal id As Integer
        ) As <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)> Boolean
        End Function

    End Class

#End Region

#Region " Properties "

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Gets the key assigned to the hotkey.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <value>The key assigned to the hotkey.</value>
    Public ReadOnly Property Key As Keys
        Get
            Return Me.pressEventArgs.Key
        End Get
    End Property

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Gets the key-modifier assigned to the hotkey.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <value>The key-modifier assigned to the hotkey.</value>
    Public ReadOnly Property Modifier As KeyModifier
        Get
            Return Me.pressEventArgs.Modifier
        End Get
    End Property

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Gets the unique identifier assigned to the hotkey.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <value>The unique identifier assigned to the hotkey.</value>
    Public ReadOnly Property ID As Integer
        Get
            Return Me.pressEventArgs.Id
        End Get
    End Property

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Gets or sets the user-defined data associated with this object.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <value>The user-defined data associated with this object.</value>
    Public Property Tag As Object

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Gets a value that specifies how many times was pressed the hotkey.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <value>A value that specifies how many times was pressed the hotkey.</value>
    Public ReadOnly Property Count As Integer
        Get
            Return Me.count1
        End Get
    End Property
    ''' <summary>
    ''' A value that specifies how many times was pressed the hotkey.
    ''' </summary>
    Private count1 As Integer

#End Region

#Region " Enumerations "

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Specifies the avaliable key-modifiers to assign for a hotkey.
    ''' </summary>
    <FlagsAttribute>
    Public Enum KeyModifier As Integer

        ''' <summary>
        ''' Any modifier.
        ''' </summary>
        None = &H0

        ''' <summary>
        ''' The Alt key.
        ''' </summary>
        Alt = &H1

        ''' <summary>
        ''' The Control key.
        ''' </summary>
        Ctrl = &H2

        ''' <summary>
        ''' The Shift key.
        ''' </summary>
        Shift = &H4

        ''' <summary>
        ''' The Windows key.
        ''' </summary>
        Win = &H8

    End Enum

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Specifies A Windows Message Identifier.
    ''' </summary>
    Private Enum WindowsMessages As Integer

        ''' <summary>
        ''' Posted when the user presses a hot key registered by the RegisterHotKey function. 
        ''' The message is placed at the top of the message queue associated with the thread that registered the hot key.
        ''' <paramref name="WParam"/>
        ''' The identifier of the hot key that generated the message.
        ''' If the message was generated by a system-defined hot key.
        ''' <paramref name="LParam"/>
        ''' The low-order word specifies the keys that were to be pressed in 
        ''' combination with the key specified by the high-order word to generate the WM_HOTKEY message.
        ''' </summary>
        WM_HOTKEY = &H312

    End Enum

#End Region

#Region " Events "

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Event that is raised when a hotkey is pressed.
    ''' </summary>
    Public Event Press As EventHandler(Of HotKeyEventArgs)

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Stores the Press Event Arguments.
    ''' </summary>
    Private ReadOnly pressEventArgs As HotKeyEventArgs

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Event arguments for the Press event.
    ''' </summary>
    Public NotInheritable Class HotKeyEventArgs : Inherits EventArgs

        ''' <summary>
        ''' Gets or sets the key assigned to the hotkey.
        ''' </summary>
        ''' <value>The key assigned to the hotkey.</value>
        Public Property Key As Keys

        ''' <summary>
        ''' Gets or sets the key-modifier assigned to the hotkey.
        ''' </summary>
        ''' <value>The key-modifier assigned to the hotkey.</value>
        Public Property Modifier As KeyModifier

        ''' <summary>
        ''' Gets or sets the unique identifier assigned to the hotkey.
        ''' </summary>
        ''' <value>The unique identifier assigned to the hotkey.</value>
        Public Property Id As Integer

        ''' <summary>
        ''' Gets or sets how many times was pressed the hotkey.
        ''' </summary>
        Public Property Count As Integer

    End Class

#End Region

#Region " Exceptions "

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Exception that is thrown when a hotkey tries to register but is already registered.
    ''' </summary>
    <Serializable>
    Private NotInheritable Class IsRegisteredException : Inherits Exception

        ''' <summary>
        ''' Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="IsRegisteredException"/> class.
        ''' </summary>
        Sub New()
            MyBase.New("Unable to register because the hotkey is already registered.")
        End Sub

    End Class

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Exception that is thrown when a hotkey tries to unregister but is not registered.
    ''' </summary>
    <Serializable>
    Private NotInheritable Class IsNotRegisteredException : Inherits Exception

        ''' <summary>
        ''' Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="IsNotRegisteredException"/> class.
        ''' </summary>
        Sub New()
            MyBase.New("Unable to unregister because the hotkey is not registered.")
        End Sub

    End Class

#End Region

#Region " Constructors "

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Creates a new system-wide hotkey.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <param name="Modifier">
    ''' Indicates the key-modifier to assign to the hotkey.
    ''' ( Can use one or more modifiers )
    ''' </param>
    ''' <param name="Key">
    ''' Indicates the key to assign to the hotkey.
    ''' </param>
    ''' <exception cref="IsRegisteredException"></exception>
    <DebuggerStepperBoundary()>
    Public Sub New(ByVal modifier As KeyModifier,
                   ByVal key As Keys)

        MyBase.CreateHandle(New CreateParams)

        Me.pressEventArgs = New HotKeyEventArgs
        With Me.pressEventArgs
            .Id = MyBase.GetHashCode()
            .Key = key
            .Modifier = modifier
            .Count = 0
        End With

        If Not NativeMethods.RegisterHotKey(MyBase.Handle,
                                            Me.ID,
                                            CUInt(Me.Modifier),
                                            CUInt(Me.Key)) Then

            Throw New IsRegisteredException

        End If

    End Sub

#End Region

#Region " Event-Handlers "

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Occurs when a hotkey is pressed.
    ''' </summary>
    Private Sub OnHotkeyPress() Handles Me.Press
        Me.count1 += 1
    End Sub

#End Region

#Region " Public Methods "

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Determines whether this hotkey is registered on the system.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <returns>
    ''' <c>true</c> if this hotkey is registered; otherwise, <c>false</c>.
    ''' </returns>
    Public Function IsRegistered() As Boolean

        Me.DisposedCheck()

        ' Try to unregister the hotkey.
        Select Case NativeMethods.UnregisterHotKey(MyBase.Handle, Me.ID)

            Case False ' Unregistration failed.
                Return False ' Hotkey is not registered.

            Case Else ' Unregistration succeeds.
                Me.Register() ' Re-Register the hotkey before return.
                Return True ' Hotkey is registeres.

        End Select

    End Function

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Registers this hotkey on the system.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <exception cref="IsRegisteredException"></exception>
    Public Sub Register()

        Me.DisposedCheck()

        If Not NativeMethods.RegisterHotKey(MyBase.Handle,
                                            Me.ID,
                                            CUInt(Me.Modifier),
                                            CUInt(Me.Key)) Then

            Throw New IsRegisteredException

        End If

    End Sub

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Unregisters this hotkey from the system.
    ''' After calling this method the hotkey turns unavaliable.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <param name="resetCounter">If set to <c>true</c>, resets the htkey press count.</param>
    ''' <exception cref="WindowsApplication2.HotkeyManager.IsNotRegisteredException"></exception>
    Public Sub Unregister(Optional ByVal resetCounter As Boolean = False)

        Me.DisposedCheck()

        If Not NativeMethods.UnregisterHotKey(MyBase.Handle, Me.ID) Then
            Throw New IsNotRegisteredException
        End If

        If resetCounter Then
            Me.pressEventArgs.Count = 0
        End If

    End Sub

#End Region

#Region " Hidden methods "

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Assigns a handle to this window.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Sub AssignHandle(handle As IntPtr)
        MyBase.AssignHandle(handle)
    End Sub

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Creates a window and its handle with the specified creation parameters.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Sub CreateHandle(cp As CreateParams)
        MyBase.CreateHandle(cp)
    End Sub

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Destroys the window and its handle.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Sub DestroyHandle()
        MyBase.DestroyHandle()
    End Sub

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Releases the handle associated with this window.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Sub ReleaseHandle()
        MyBase.ReleaseHandle()
    End Sub

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Creates an object that contains all the relevant information required to generate a proxy used to communicate with a remote object.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Function CreateObjRef(requestedType As Type) As System.Runtime.Remoting.ObjRef
        Return MyBase.CreateObjRef(requestedType)
    End Function

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Invokes the default window procedure associated with this window.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Sub DefWndProc(ByRef m As Message)
        MyBase.DefWndProc(m)
    End Sub

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Retrieves the current lifetime service object that controls the lifetime policy for this instance.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Function GetLifeTimeService() As Object
        Return MyBase.GetLifetimeService
    End Function

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Obtains a lifetime service object to control the lifetime policy for this instance.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Function InitializeLifeTimeService() As Object
        Return MyBase.InitializeLifetimeService
    End Function

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Serves as a hash function for a particular type.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Function GetHashCode() As Integer
        Return MyBase.GetHashCode
    End Function

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Gets the System.Type of the current instance.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <returns>The exact runtime type of the current instance.</returns>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Function [GetType]() As Type
        Return MyBase.GetType
    End Function

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Determines whether the specified System.Object instances are considered equal.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Function Equals(ByVal obj As Object) As Boolean
        Return MyBase.Equals(obj)
    End Function

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Returns a String that represents the current object.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Function ToString() As String
        Return MyBase.ToString
    End Function

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Gets the handle for this window.
    ''' </summary>
    <EditorBrowsable(EditorBrowsableState.Never)>
    Public Shadows Property Handle() As IntPtr

#End Region

#Region " WndProc "

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Invokes the default window procedure associated with this window to process messages.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <param name="m">
    ''' A <see cref="T:System.Windows.Forms.Message"/> that is associated with the current windows message.
    ''' </param>
    Protected Overrides Sub WndProc(ByRef m As Message)

        Select Case m.Msg

            Case WindowsMessages.WM_HOTKEY  ' A hotkey is pressed.

                ' Update the pressed counter.
                Me.pressEventArgs.Count += 1

                ' Raise the Event
                RaiseEvent Press(sender:=Me, e:=Me.pressEventArgs)

            Case Else
                MyBase.WndProc(m)

        End Select

    End Sub

#End Region

#Region " IDisposable "

    ''' <summary>
    ''' To detect redundant calls when disposing.
    ''' </summary>
    Private isDisposed As Boolean = False

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Prevent calls to methods after disposing.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <exception cref="System.ObjectDisposedException"></exception>
    Private Sub DisposedCheck()

        If Me.isDisposed Then
            Throw New ObjectDisposedException(Me.GetType().FullName)
        End If

    End Sub

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Performs application-defined tasks associated with freeing, releasing, or resetting unmanaged resources.
    ''' </summary>
    Public Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose
        Me.Dispose(isDisposing:=True)
        GC.SuppressFinalize(Me)
    End Sub

    ''' <summary>
    ''' Releases unmanaged and - optionally - managed resources.
    ''' </summary>
    ''' <param name="IsDisposing">
    ''' <c>true</c> to release both managed and unmanaged resources; 
    ''' <c>false</c> to release only unmanaged resources.
    ''' </param>
    Protected Sub Dispose(ByVal isDisposing As Boolean)

        If Not Me.isDisposed Then

            If isDisposing Then
                NativeMethods.UnregisterHotKey(MyBase.Handle, Me.ID)
            End If

        End If

        Me.isDisposed = True

    End Sub

#End Region

End Class

#End Region