#Region " Hosts Helper "
 
Public Class Hosts_Helper
 
 
    ' [ Hosts Helper ]
    '
    ' // By Elektro H@cker
    '
    ' Examples:
    '
    ' MsgBox(Hosts_Helper.HOSTS_Exists)
    ' Hosts_Helper.Add("www.youtube.com", "231.7.66.33")
    ' Hosts_Helper.Block("www.youtube.com")
    ' MsgBox(Hosts_Helper.IsAdded("www.youtube.com"))
    ' MsgBox(Hosts_Helper.IsBlocked("www.youtube.com"))
    ' Hosts_Helper.Remove("www.youtube.com")
    ' Hosts_Helper.Clean_Hosts_File()
 
 
    Shared ReadOnly HOSTS As String = _
    IO.Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System), "Drivers\etc\hosts")
 
 
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Adds a new Block mapping into the Hosts file.
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Sub Block(ByVal URL As String)
 
        Dim Entry As String = String.Format("::1 {0}", URL)
 
        If HOSTS_Exists() AndAlso IsBlocked(URL) Then
 
            Throw New Exception(String.Format("""{0}"" is already blocked.", URL))
            Exit Sub
 
        ElseIf HOSTS_Exists() AndAlso IsAdded(URL) Then
 
            Remove(URL)
 
        End If
 
        Try
            IO.File.AppendAllText(HOSTS, (Environment.NewLine & Entry), System.Text.Encoding.Default)
        Catch ex As Exception
            Throw New Exception(ex.Message)
        End Try
 
    End Sub
 
 
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Adds a new mapping into Hosts file.
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Sub Add(ByVal URL As String, ByVal IP_Address As String)
 
        Dim Entry As String = String.Format("{0} {1}", IP_Address, URL)
 
        If HOSTS_Exists() AndAlso (IsAdded(URL) OrElse IsBlocked(URL)) Then
            Throw New Exception(String.Format("""{0}"" is already mapped.", URL))
            Exit Sub
 
        ElseIf Not Validate_IP(IP_Address) Then
            Throw New Exception(String.Format("""{0}"" is not a valid IP adress.", IP_Address))
            Exit Sub
        End If
 
        Try
            IO.File.AppendAllText(HOSTS, (Environment.NewLine & Entry), System.Text.Encoding.Default)
        Catch ex As Exception
            Throw New Exception(ex.Message)
        End Try
 
    End Sub
 
 
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Removes a blocked or an added URL from the Hosts file.
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Sub Remove(ByVal URL As String)
 
        If Not HOSTS_Exists() Then
            Throw New Exception("HOSTS File does not exists.")
            Exit Sub
        ElseIf HOSTS_Exists() And Not (IsAdded(URL) OrElse IsBlocked(URL)) Then
            Throw New Exception(String.Format("""{0}"" is not added yet.", URL))
            Exit Sub
        End If
 
        Try
 
            Dim Content As String = _
                System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(IO.File.ReadAllText(HOSTS).ToLower, _
                String.Format("(\d{{1,3}}\.\d{{1,3}}\.\d{{1,3}}\.\d{{1,3}}|::1)(\s+|\t+){0}", URL.ToLower), String.Empty)
 
            IO.File.WriteAllText(HOSTS, Content, System.Text.Encoding.Default)
 
        Catch ex As Exception
            Throw New Exception(ex.Message)
        End Try
 
    End Sub
 
 
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Checks if an URL is already added into the Hosts file.
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Function IsAdded(ByVal URL As String) As Boolean
 
        Return If(Not HOSTS_Exists(), False, _
                  System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch( _
                  System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(IO.File.ReadAllText(HOSTS).ToLower, "\s+|\t+", ";"), _
                  String.Format(";[^\#]?\d{{1,3}}\.\d{{1,3}}\.\d{{1,3}}\.\d{{1,3}};{0}", URL.ToLower)))
 
    End Function
 
 
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Checks if an URL is already blocked into the Hosts file.
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Function IsBlocked(ByVal URL As String) As Boolean
 
        Return If(Not HOSTS_Exists(), False, _
                  System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch( _
                  System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Replace(IO.File.ReadAllText(HOSTS).ToLower, "\s+|\t+", String.Empty), _
                  String.Format("[^\#](127.0.0.1|::1){0}", URL.ToLower)))
 
    End Function
 
 
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Checks if the Hosts file exists.
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Function HOSTS_Exists() As Boolean
        Return IO.File.Exists(HOSTS)
    End Function
 
 
    ''' <summary>
    ''' Cleans all the mappings inside the Hosts file.
    ''' </summary>
    Public Shared Sub Clean_Hosts_File()
        Try
            IO.File.WriteAllText(HOSTS, String.Empty)
        Catch ex As Exception
            MsgBox(ex.Message)
        End Try
    End Sub
 
 
    ' Validates an IP adress.
    Private Shared Function Validate_IP(ByVal IP_Address As String) As Boolean
        Dim IP As System.Net.IPAddress = Nothing
        Return System.Net.IPAddress.TryParse(IP_Address, IP)
    End Function
 
End Class
 
#End Region

        ' Create the list:
        Dim TupleList As New List(Of Tuple(Of String, Boolean, Integer)) ' From {Tuple.Create("Hello world", True, 1)}
 
        ' Add an Item:
        TupleList.Add(Tuple.Create("Elektro", False, 0))
        TupleList.Add(Tuple.Create("H@cker", True, 1))
 
        ' Order the TupleList by a Tuple item:
        TupleList = TupleList.OrderBy(Function(Tuple) Tuple.Item3).ToList
 
        ' Sort the TupleList by a Tuple item:
        TupleList.Sort( _
        Function(Comparer_A As Tuple(Of String, Boolean, Integer), _
                 Comparer_B As Tuple(Of String, Boolean, Integer)) _
                 Comparer_A.Item3.CompareTo(Comparer_B.Item3))
 
        ' Filter the list by items equals as "True" in their Tuple second item:
        TupleList = TupleList.Where(Function(Tuple) Tuple.Item2 = True).ToList
 
        ' Display a Tuple item from a list item:
        MsgBox(TupleList.Item(0).Item2)
 
        ' Looping the list:
        For Each Item As Tuple(Of String, Boolean, Integer) In TupleList
            MsgBox(Item.Item1)
        Next

        ' Create the list:
        Dim Files As List(Of IO.FileInfo) = IO.Directory.GetFiles("C:\", "*") _
        .Select(Function(ToFileInfo) New IO.FileInfo(ToFileInfo)).ToList
 
        ' Add an Item:
        Files.Add(New IO.FileInfo("C:\Windows\Notepad.exe"))
 
        ' Order the list by a file property:
        Files = Files.OrderBy(Function(File) File.Extension).ToList
 
        ' Sort the list by a file property:
        Files.Sort( _
        Function(Comparer_A As IO.FileInfo, Comparer_B As IO.FileInfo) _
                 Comparer_A.Extension.CompareTo(Comparer_B.Extension))
 
        ' Filter the list by files containing "note" word in their filename:
        Files = Files.Where(Function(File) File.Name.ToLower.Contains("note")).ToList
 
        ' Display a file property from a list item:
        MsgBox(Files.Item(0).FullName)
 
        ' Looping the list:
        For Each File As IO.FileInfo In Files
            MsgBox(File.FullName)
        Next

#Region " Telecommunication Bitrate To DataStorage Bitrate "
 
    ' [ Base64 To String Function ]
    '
    ' // By Elektro H@cker & IKillNukes
    '
    ' Examples :
    '
    ' MsgBox(Telecommunication_Bitrate_To_DataStorage_Bitrate(365, _
    '        Telecommunications_Bitrates.Kilobips, _
    '        DataStorage_Bitrates.Kilobytes)) ' Result: 45
    '
    ' MsgBox(Telecommunication_Bitrate_To_DataStorage_Bitrate(365, _
    '        Telecommunications_Bitrates.Kilobips, _
    '        DataStorage_Bitrates.Kilobytes)) ' Result: 45,625
 
    Private Enum Telecommunications_Bitrates As Long
        Bips = 1 ' bit/s
        Kilobips = 1000 ' bit/s
        Megabips = 1000000 ' bit/s
        Gigabips = 1000000000 ' bit/s
        Terabips = 1000000000000 ' bit/s
    End Enum
 
    Private Enum DataStorage_Bitrates As Long
        Bytes = 8 ' bits
        Kilobytes = 8000 ' bits
        Megabytes = 8000000 ' bits
        Gigabytes = 8000000000 ' bits
        Terabytes = 8000000000000  ' bits
    End Enum
 
    Private Function Telecommunication_Bitrate_To_DataStorage_Bitrate( _
                       ByVal BitRate As Single, _
                       ByVal Telecommunications_Bitrates As Telecommunications_Bitrates, _
                       ByVal DataStorage_Bitrates As DataStorage_Bitrates, _
                       Optional ByVal Rounded As Boolean = True
                     ) As Single
 
        Return IIf(Rounded, _
                   (BitRate * Telecommunications_Bitrates) \ DataStorage_Bitrates, _
                   (BitRate * Telecommunications_Bitrates) / DataStorage_Bitrates)
 
    End Function
 
#End Region

#Region " Count Array Matches "
 
    ' [ Count Array Matches ]
    '
    ' // By Elektro H@cker
    '
    ' Examples :
    ' MsgBox(Count_Array_Matches({"a", "b", "c", "d", "d", "d"}, "d")) ' Result: 3
 
    Private Function Count_Array_Matches(ByVal Collection As String(), _
                                         ByVal Match As String, ByVal _
                                         IgnoreCase As Boolean) As Integer
 
        Return IIf(IgnoreCase, _
                  Collection.Where(Function(str) str.ToLower = Match.ToLower).Count, _
                  Collection.Where(Function(str) str = Match).Count)
 
    End Function
 
#End Region

#Region " Delete Array Unique Names "
 
    ' [ Delete Array Unique Names ]
    '
    ' // By Elektro H@cker
    '
    ' Examples :
    ' Dim MyArray as String() = Delete_Unique_Values_In_Array({"a", "b", "c", "d", "d", "d"}) ' Result: {"d", "d", "d"} 
 
    Private Function Delete_Unique_Values_In_Array(ByVal Collection As String()) As String()
        Return Collection.GroupBy(Function(x) x) _
        .Where(Function(x) x.Count() > 1) _
        .SelectMany(Function(x) x) _
        .ToArray()
    End Function
 
#End Region

                Dim stack As New Stack(Of Char)
                'Dim input As String = ")((()))("
                Dim input As String = "(Hello) ) ( (World)?"
 
                Dim opened As Integer = 0
                Dim closed As Integer = 0
 
                For Each ch As Char In input
 
                    If ch = "(" Then
                        stack.Push("#")
 
                    ElseIf ch = ")" Then
 
                        If stack.Count = 0 Then
                            opened += 1
                        Else
                            closed += 1
                            stack.Pop()
 
                        End If
 
                    End If
                Next ch
 
                opened = opened + stack.Count
 
                Console.WriteLine("Opened:{0} Closed:{1}", opened, closed)
                MsgBox(String.Format("Opened:{0} Closed:{1}", opened, closed))

  Private ReadOnly Property TotalAgrupations As Dictionary(Of String, Integer)
        Get
            Return Count_Agrupations_In_String(TextBox_RegEx.Text)
        End Get
    End Property
 
    ' MsgBox(TotalAgrupations("Opened"))
    ' MsgBox(TotalAgrupations("Closed"))
 
    Private Function Count_Agrupations_In_String(ByVal str As String) As Dictionary(Of String, Integer)
 
        Dim stack As New Stack(Of Char)
 
        Dim opened As Integer = 0
        Dim closed As Integer = 0
 
        For Each ch As Char In str
 
            If ch = "(" Then
                stack.Push("#")
 
            ElseIf ch = ")" Then
 
                If stack.Count = 0 Then
                    opened += 1
                Else
                    closed += 1
                    stack.Pop()
 
                End If
 
            End If
 
        Next ch
 
        Return New Dictionary(Of String, Integer) From { _
            {"Opened", opened + stack.Count}, _
            {"Closed", closed} _
        }
 
    End Function

#Region " Replace All Characters "
 
    ' [ Replace All Characters Function ]
    '
    ' // By Elektro H@cker
    '
    ' Examples :
    '
    ' MsgBox(Replace_All_Characters("Hello World!", {"e"c, "o"c}, "+")) ' Result: H+ll+ W+rld!
 
    Public Function Replace_All_Characters(ByVal str As String, _
                                           ByVal chars As Char(), _
                                           replaceWith As Char) As String
 
        For Each c As Char In chars
            str = str.Replace(c, replaceWith)
        Next
 
        Return str
 
    End Function
 
#End Region

#Region " Replace All Characters Except "
 
    ' [ Replace All Characters Except Function ]
    '
    ' // By Elektro H@cker
    '
    ' Examples :
    '
    ' MsgBox(Replace_All_Characters("Hello World!", "eo", ".")) ' Result: ".e..o..o...."
 
    Public Function Replace_All_Characters_Except(ByVal str As String, _
                                                  ByVal chars As String, _
                                                  replaceWith As Char) As String
 
        Dim temp_str As String = String.Empty
 
        For Each c As Char In str
            If Not chars.Contains(c) Then
                temp_str &= c
            Else
                temp_str &= replaceWith
            End If
        Next c
 
        Return temp_str
 
    End Function
 
#End Region

#Region " Remove All Characters Except "
 
    ' [ Remove All Characters Except Function ]
    '
    ' // By Elektro H@cker
    '
    ' Examples :
    '
    ' MsgBox(Remove_All_Characters_Except("Hello World!", "eo".ToCharArray)) ' Result: "eoo"
 
    Public Function Remove_All_Characters_Except(ByVal str As String, _
                                              ByVal chars As Char()) As String
 
        Dim temp_str As String = String.Empty
 
        For Each c As Char In str
            For Each cc As Char In chars
                If c = cc Then temp_str &= cc
            Next cc
        Next c
 
        Return temp_str
 
    End Function
 
#End Region